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\end{abstract}
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%─────────────
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\section{Introduction: Lithium and Fluorine}
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\label{sec:intro}
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The nuclear properties of lithium are of interest, especially its interaction probability cross section. Studies of the Sun's photosphere show the abundance of lithium relative to hydrogen and helium to be nearly an order-of-magnitude less. Lithium's large cross section is believed responsible; it predicts that ionized hydrogen will readily collide with lithium, transforming the lithium to helium, and emitting an alpha particle. This is one transition that takes place in stellar nucleosynthesis, as lithium is carried toward a star's core by convective currents, but even with this process and reaction in mind, modern astrophysicists have yet to completely explain the lack of abundant lithium in our sun's photosphere, named the Solar Lithium Problem. Studies of the nuclear properties of lithium could elucidate a better stellar structure model, but this is outside the scope of our study. \cite{Carroll&Ostlie}
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Fluorine can be annihilated in a similar fashion. It is one of the rarest elements observed by astronomers, and thought to be for the same reasons: it is easily annihilated by a proton to produce oxygen and an alpha particle. Figure \ref{fig:abundances} shows relative abundances of many elements. To judge whether this explanation is plausible, we will determine the probability cross sections of the fluorine-proton reaction and the lithium-proton reaction.
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\section{Nuclear Reactions Induced by a Proton Beam}
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\label{sec:beamreactions}
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Nuclear
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%─────────────
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\section{Reverberation Mapping}
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40
adv_lab.bib
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@book{Carroll&Ostlie,
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author = {{Carroll}, Bradley W. and {Ostlie}, Dale A.},
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title = {An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics},
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publisher = {Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley},
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year = 2007,
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address = {1301 Sansome St., San Fransisco, CA 94111},
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edition = 2,
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note = {pp. 542},
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isbn = {0-321-44284-9}
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}
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@book{Chuetal,
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author = {{Chu}, Wei-Kan and {Mayer}, James W. and {Nicolet}, Marc-A.},
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title = {Backscattering Spectrometry},
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publisher = {Academic Press},
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year = 1978,
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address = {111 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003},
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edition = 1,
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note = {pp 213},
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isbn = {0-12-173850-7}
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}
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@INPROCEEDINGS{2001sac..conf....3P,
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author = {{Peterson}, B.~M.},
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title = "{Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei}",
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